The main characteristics of problem - based learning are : ( 1 ) learning is student - centered ( 2 ) learning occurs in small student groups ( 3 ) teachers are facilitators or guiders ( 4 ) problems form the organizing focus and stimulus for learning ( 5 ) problems are authentic and ill - structured ( 6 ) problems are a vehicle for the development of real - world problem - solving skills ( 7 ) new information is acquired and skills are trained through problem - solving process ( 8 ) evaluation is authentic and performance - based . after describing the features of problem - based learning , this thesis compares problem - based learning with other instruction models - lecture , direct instruction , case methods , discover - based inquiry , problem - centered learning , simulation and gaming and mantle of the expert ( roles ) on three aspects : ro 這種教學模式的基本特征是: ( 1 )是一種以學生為中心的教學方法; ( 2 )學習形式是以一個學生小組為單位; ( 3 )教師是輔助者、引導者; ( 4 )以問題為中心組織教學并作為學習的驅(qū)動力; ( 5 )問題是真實的、劣構(gòu)的; ( 6 )問題是發(fā)展學生實際解決問題能力的手段; ( 7 )在問題解決的過程中獲得新的知識、培養(yǎng)能力; ( 8 )真實的、基于績效的評價。
simulation: n. 假裝;模擬;裝病,裝瘋;【生物學】擬態(tài),擬色。 game: adj. 〔口語〕跛的,瘸的;殘廢的,受傷的。 simulation game: 金融投資模擬實習; 模擬對策; 模擬計劃, 模擬活動, 仿真對策; 模擬類游戲; 模擬游戲best simulation game: 最佳模擬游戲economic simulation game: 經(jīng)營模擬游戲simulation war game: 模擬戰(zhàn)略對策simulation-game technique: 模擬對策技術(shù)rts real time simulation game: 實時仿真游戲,即時戰(zhàn)略游戲a game: 一個游戲,一次比賽be game: 勇于game: n. 1.游戲;娛樂;戲謔;運動。 2.(運動、棋類等的)比賽,競賽;(比賽中的)一盤,一場,一局;勝利;比分,得分,比賽成績。 3.〔 pl.〕 比賽會,運動會。 4.游戲用具,比賽器具;比賽方式;比賽規(guī)則。 5.計劃,事業(yè)。 6.花招,詭計,策略。 7.〔集合詞〕獵物,野味;(鵠等的)群;野外游戲[游獵、鷹狩等]。 8.追求物,目的物。 9.膽量,勇氣。 10.〔口語〕行當,職業(yè)。 What a game! 多精彩的比賽啊!多么有趣! a close game接近的比分。 an advertising game廣告競爭。 a game not worth the candle 得不償失。 How is the game 勝負如何? The game is 4 all [7 to 6, love three]. 比賽成績是4比4[7比6,0比3]。 The game is up [over]. 無成功希望;一切都完了。 One careless move loses the whole game.〔諺語〕一著不慎,滿盤皆輸。 None of your games! 別?;ㄕ辛? That's a game two people can play. 這一套你會我也會。 That's not the game! 那樣干不對。 The same old game! 又是那一套老玩意兒!慣用伎倆! winged game可獵鳥類。 big game【打獵】巨獸[獅、虎等];巨大的目標,冒險的事業(yè)。 fair game 非禁獵的鳥獸;正當目的物;攻擊的對象。 forbidden game 禁獵的鳥獸。 ahead of the game 〔美口〕(特別在賭博中)處于贏家地位。 be on [off] one's game (馬、選手等)競技狀態(tài)好[不好]。 fly at high game 胸懷大志。 fly at higher game 懷有更大的抱負;得隴望蜀。 force the game (板球等中)冒險快速得分。 game and game = game all 一比一。 game and (set) 【網(wǎng)球】比賽完結(jié)。 a game of chance 碰運氣取勝的游戲。 a game of skill 憑技術(shù)取勝的游戲。 give the game away 露餡。 have a game with 蒙蔽,瞞騙。 have the game in one's hands 有必勝把握。 make game of 嘲笑,捉弄。 play a dangerous game 干冒險玩意兒。 play a deep game 背地搗鬼。 play a double game 耍兩面派。 play a good [poor] game賭法高明[笨拙]。 play a losing [winning] game 作無[有]勝利希望的比賽;干明知無益[有利]的事。 play a waiting game 待機下手。 play sb.'s game = play the game of sb. 無意中給別人占了便宜。 play the game 按規(guī)則玩游戲;做事光明正大,守規(guī)矩。 see through sb.'s game 看穿某人詭計。 speak in game 說著玩,開玩笑。 spoil the game 弄壞(事情)。 throw up the game 罷手,認輸。 adj. 1.關(guān)于獵獲物的,關(guān)于野味的。 2.斗雞似的;雄糾糾的,勇敢的,倔強的。 3.對…有興趣的,愛。 game pie 野味餡餅。 be game for [to do] anything 對什么都有興趣。 die game 死斗,死拚;奮斗到底。 vi. 打賭,賭輸贏。 vt. 賭輸 (away)。 adj. 〔口語〕跛的,瘸的;殘廢的,受傷的。 game in: 有局方game to: 勝一局in game: 競技狀態(tài)良好no game: 被判為無效的比賽the game: 生日游戲; 心理游戲; 這場游戲; 致命游戲they game: 太空防衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)game and game: 雙方各勝一局liquid simulation fluid simulation: 流體仿真; 流體模擬; 液體仿真; 液體模擬electronic game、e-game: 電子游戲a roximate simulation: 近似模擬accounting simulation: 會計模擬實習accurate simulation: 準確模擬acoustic simulation: 聲模擬acoustical simulation: 音質(zhì)模擬